A Provisional Timeline of Biblical History

Some considerable argument exists about certain crucial dates, such as - especially - the Exodus from Mitsrayim (Egypt). What follows is a summation of [current] accepted scholarly opinion, but (mostly) without the arguments against it. It should be regarded as no more than an attempt at a chronology, and by no means as definitive; and then, to add one more qualification, certainly as incomplete.


2800
 The first Egyptian pyramids built (there is much evidence that the pyramids came to Egypt from further south in Africa, rather being an Egyptian "invention"; but it is also significant that the earliest "known" pyramid is in Brazil, dating around 3000 BCE; the earliest in Egypt was the Step Pyramid at Saqqara, built for King Zoser in 2750 BC; and the model for that was further south, in "Greater Mali", the land of the "mythical" but actually very real Timbuktu; so the Africans must have been sailing to South America, and/or the South Americans to Africa, very early in our history! Ah, but we are so Euro-Centric in our view of History!).

2200
Beney Chet (Hittite) empire, based in Anatolia, but spread as far west as Cheret (Crete) and Kaprisin (Cyprus), south into Kena'an (Canaan) and Mitsrayim (Egypt), and east as far as the Indus Valley. When William Jones believed he had discerned a "common source", but couldn't name it, the word he was missing was "Hittite", and the mistake he was making was to look only at the language, where the broader cultures are far more revealing.

2040 Ur-Nammu's law-code.

1950
 Av-Ram leaves Charan; Minoans build towns and palaces in Crete.
1820
Yitschak (Isaac).
1790
Hammurabi's law-code.

1740
 Ya'akov (Jacob).

1710
Yoseph (Joseph): Hyksos rule in Mitsrayim.

1680
Beney Yisra-El in Mitsrayim.

1500
Yisra-El either enslaved in Mitsrayim under the conquering Hyksos, or themselves the Hyksos.

1400
Tutenaten/Tutenkhamun.

1375
Earliest possible date for the arrival of the Pelishtim (Philistines) in Kena'an (because this was the date of the fall of Knossos)

1310
Latest feasible date for the Exodus.

1300
Sethos 1 (Menmaatre Seti I) and Rameses 2Mosheh (Moses).

1220
Invasion and conquest of Kenaa'n (Canaan) by Yehoshu'a (Joshua); fall of the Beney Chet (Hittite) empire.

1190
Rut (Ruth). Latest probable date for the arrival of the Pelishtim.

1100
Gid'on (Gideon); Phoinikim (Phoenicians) trade from Tsur (Tyre), Tsidon (Sidon) and Byblos; earliest possible date for the invention of the alphabet in Ugarit.

1080
Latest possible date for Shimshon (Samson); though this should probably be reckoned "late" by at least twenty thousand years, and possibly as much as two hundred thousand!

1070
Shmu-El (Samuel).

1060
Sha'ul (King Saul).

1010
Yedid-Yah (the full name of King David; the diminutive was probably pronounced Daoud).

980
Shelomoh (Solomon) and the First Temple.

950
Yerav-Am (Jeroboam) and Rechav-Am (Rehoboam) rule the divided kingdoms of Yisra-El (later Ephrayim) and Yehudah (Judah, later Judea).

920
Pharaoh Shishak (Sheshonq I) invades Yisra-El.

910
King Omri makes Shomron (Samaria) the capital of the northern kingdom of Ephrayim.

880
Eli-Yahu (Elijah).

860
Elishah; Ach-Av (Ahab) & I-Zevel (Jezebel) re-introduce Ba'al worship; the Ashurim (Assyrians) under Shalman-Ezer defeat the northern kingdom of Ephrayim at the battle of Qargar.

840
Poetry and wisdom books written.

800
The early Prophets.

770 The 
Ashurim (Assyrians) take Shomron (Samaria).

760
Death of Uzi-Yahu (Uzziah) of Yehudah (Judah); birth of Yesha-Yahu (First Isaiah).

740
The Ashurim (Assyrians) take Damasek (Damascus).

730
Siege of Yeru-Shala'im (Jerusalem); the kingdom of Yehudah survives.

720 End of the northern kingdom, "disappearance" of the ten tribes (really only six and a half tribes; Shim'on and Bin-Yamin had long been absorbed into Yehudah and the two and a half tribes east of the Yarden likewise into Mo-Av and Amon).

700
Ashuri (Assyrian) empire.

690
Yirme-Yahu (Jeremiah).

650
 Bavli (Babylonian) empire.

630
King Yoshi-Yahu (Josiah).

605
Dani-El (Daniel) taken to Babylon (though this tale is now known to be fictional, and written several centuries later, but set at this date); Battle of Carchemish, Bavel (Babylon) defeats Mitsrayim (Egypt).

597
 Yeru-Shala'im falls to Nebuchadnezzar II; Yechezke-El (Ezekiel).

587
Exile, Yeru-Shala'im destroyed.

586
First Temple destroyed on the 9th of Av.

585 Founding of Tsi'onut (Zionism) at Tel Aviv in Bavel (Babylon) (cf Psalm 137).

550 Koresh (King Cyrus) of the Medes (
Achaemenids).

530
Zeru-Bavel; return from exile, Second Temple (completed 515).

500
Battle of Marathon; Greeks defeat Persia.

480 Battle of Salamis (Xerxes beaten by Greece).

470 Ester (Esther) - now known to be a fictionalised reconstruction of the Persian New Year epic.
 

457 Ezra returns with the exiles from Bavel (Babylon); Artaxerxes I of Persia.

455
 Yeru-Shala'im rebuilt, and the period of the Redaction of the Tanach.

450
Nechem-Yah (Nehemiah).

333
Alexander the Great conquers everywhere.

285-246
Septuagint (translation of the Tanach into Greek) created in Alexandria for Ptolemy II.

153
Maccabee restoration.

63
Pompey captures Yeru-Shala'im.

-1/+1
 Start of the Common Era (the Zero had not yet been invented).

5CE Birth of Saul of Tarsus in Cilicia.

70CE
Titus's soldiers destroy the Second Temple (Saturday August 2nd in the Gregorian calendar, which means it would have been Tuesday July 29th in the Julian of the time; 9th of Av 3830 in the Yehudit); end of Yehudah (and of the Yisra-Elite-Yehudite era in Kena'an).

70CE Founding of Talmudic Judaism by Yochanan ben Zakkai at Yavneh; start of the Galut (Exile), Tephutsah (Diaspora) and Yishuv (those who remained in the land).

71CE Re-emergence of prohibited Tammuz, Ba'al and Adonis worship throughout Kena'an, with the re-establishment of goddess-shrines, leading to the "resurrection" of the ancient trimurtic cult in the form of Sauline Christianity.





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The Argaman Press



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